Enzyme - EC 4.1.1.32 - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
 

The tridimensional structure of this enzyme has not been resolved yet.


EC
 
4.1.1.32
Official Name
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
Alternative Name(s)
Phosphopyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
PEP carboxykinase
PEPCK
Class
4.Lyases
1.Carbon-carbon lyases
1.Carboxy-lyases
Catalysed reaction
GTP + oxaloacetate GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
Substrates
GTP
oxaloacetate
ITP
Products
GDP
phosphoenolpyruvate
CO2
Metabolic Pathways
Other comments

ITP can act as phosphate donor.

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate by decarboxylation of oxaloacetate while hydrolyzing GTP, a rate limiting step in gluconeogenesis (the biosynthesis of glucose). In vertebrates there are two isozymes: a cytosolic form whose activity is affected by hormones regulating this metabolic process (such as glucagon, or insulin) and a mitochondrial form.

An essential cysteine residue has been proposed to be implicated in the catalytic mechanism; this residue is located in the central part of PEPCK and is in the center of a perfectly conserved region that it's been used as a signature pattern.
Reference


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