Enzyme - EC 4.1.1.32 - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
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The tridimensional structure of this enzyme has not been resolved yet. |
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EC
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4.1.1.32
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Official Name
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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
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Alternative Name(s)
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Phosphopyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase PEP carboxykinase PEPCK |
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Class
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4.Lyases 1.Carbon-carbon lyases 1.Carboxy-lyases |
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Catalysed reaction
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GTP + oxaloacetate GDP
+ phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
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Substrates
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GTP
oxaloacetate ITP |
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Products
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GDP phosphoenolpyruvate CO2 |
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Metabolic Pathways
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Other comments
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ITP can act as phosphate donor. |
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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate by decarboxylation of oxaloacetate while hydrolyzing GTP, a rate limiting step in gluconeogenesis (the biosynthesis of glucose). In vertebrates there are two isozymes: a cytosolic form whose activity is affected by hormones regulating this metabolic process (such as glucagon, or insulin) and a mitochondrial form. |
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An essential cysteine residue has been proposed to be implicated in the
catalytic mechanism; this residue is located in the central part of PEPCK and
is in the center of a perfectly conserved region that it's been used as a signature
pattern. |
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