Lipids Catabolism


  


Dietary lipids digestion, absorption and transport follow this scheme:

Small intestine intestinal mucosa cells lymph system blood-stream adipose tissue cells blood-stream cells that need energy

1- Complex lipids (phospholipids and triacylglycerols) are degraded by pancreatic lipases and phospholipases in the small intestine.

2-The lipid digestion products absorbed by the intestinal mucosa are converted by these tissues to triacylglycerols and

3- the packaged into lipoprotein particles called chylomicrons.

4- The chylomicrons, in turn, are released into the bloodstream via the lymph system for delivery to the tisuues.

5- The triacilglycerol components of chylomicrons are hydrolyzed to free fatty acids and glycerol in the capillaries of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle by lipoprotein lipase.

6- The resulting free fatty acids are taken up by these tissues,

7- and converted to triacylglycerols in adipose tissues as energy storage.

8- Mobilization of triacylglycerols stored in adipose tisuue involves their hydrolysis to glyceroll and free fatty acids by hormone-sensitive triacylglycerol lipase.

9-The free fatty acids are released into the bloodstream,

10- where they bind to albumin (avoiding them to form micelles that acts as detergents to disrupt protein and membrane structure).

11- Albumin transport the fatty acids to the tissues.

12- Once in the cells cytosol, the fatty acids must be activated before its catabolism.

References: (1), (2), (3)

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